正确率40.0%“提丢斯数列”是由$${{1}{8}}$$世纪德国数学家提丢斯给出,具体如下:取一个数列容易发现,从第$${{3}}$$项开始,每一项是前一项的$${{2}}$$倍,将每一项加上$${{4}}$$得到一个数列
再将每一项除以$${{1}{0}}$$后得到“提丢斯数列”,即$$0. 4, \ 0. 7, \ 1. 0, \ 1. 6, \ 2. 8, \ 5. 2, \ 1 0. 0, \ 1 9. 6, \ \ldots$$.则下列说法中正确的是()
C
A.“提丢斯数列”是等比数列
B.“提丢斯数列”的第$${{9}{9}}$$项为$$\frac{3 \times2^{9 8}+4} {1 0}$$
C.“提丢斯数列”的前$${{3}{1}}$$项和为$$\frac{3 \times2^{3 0}} {1 0}+1 2. 1$$
D.“提丢斯数列”中不超过$${{2}{0}}$$的有$${{9}}$$项
2、['等比数列前n项和的应用', '分组求和法']正确率40.0%在数列{$${{a}_{n}}$$}中$$, \, \, a_{n}=2^{n}-1,$$在一个$${{5}}$$行$${{6}}$$列的数表中,第$${{i}}$$行第$${{j}}$$列的元素为$$c_{i j}=a_{i} \cdot a_{j}+a_{i}+a_{j}$$$$( i=1, ~ 2, ~ \ldots, ~ 5,$$$$j=1, ~ 2, ~ \ldots, ~ 6 ),$$则该数表中所有元素之和为()
A
A.$$2^{1 3}-4 1 0$$
B.$$2^{1 3}-3 8 0$$
C.$$2^{1 2}-1 4$$
D.$$2^{1 2}-4$$
3、['分组求和法', '数列的通项公式']正确率40.0%已知数列{$${{a}_{n}}$$}的通项公式为$$a_{n}=\left\{\begin{array} {l l} {n^{2}, \; \; n \gg\sharp\sharp\sharp\sharp\sharp\sharp\sharp\sharp\sharp\sharp\sharp\sharp\sharp\sharp\sharp\sharp\sharp\sharp\sharp\sharp\sharp\sharp\sharp\sharp\sharp\sharp\sharp\sharp\sharp\sharp\end{array} \right.$$且$$b_{n}=a_{n}+a_{n+1},$$则$$b_{1}+b_{2}+\ldots+b_{2 0 0}=$$()
C
A.$${{−}{{4}{0}{0}}}$$
B.$${{4}{0}{0}}$$
C.$${{−}{{2}{0}{0}}}$$
D.$${{2}{0}{0}}$$
4、['数列的前n项和', '等比数列前n项和的应用', '分组求和法', '数列的通项公式', '等差数列的前n项和的应用']正确率60.0%已知数列$$2 \frac{1} {2}, ~ 4 \frac{1} {4}, ~ 6 \frac{1} {8}, ~ 8 \frac{1} {1 6}, ~ \ldots,$$则其前$${{n}}$$项和$${{S}_{n}{=}}$$()
A
A.$$n^{2}+n+1-\frac{1} {2^{n}}$$
B.$$n^{2}+n-\frac{1} {2^{n}}$$
C.$$n^{2}+1-\frac{1} {2^{n-1}}$$
D.$$n^{2}+n+2-\frac{1} {2^{n-1}}$$
5、['等差数列的通项公式', '数列的函数特征', '分组求和法']正确率40.0%已知在等差数列{$${{a}_{n}}$$}中,$$a_{3}+a_{5}=a_{4}+7, \, \, a_{1 0}=1 9,$$则数列{$$a_{n} \operatorname{c o s} n \pi$$}的前$${{2}{0}{2}{0}}$$项和为()
D
A.$${{1}{0}{0}{9}}$$
B.$${{1}{0}{1}{0}}$$
C.$${{2}{0}{1}{9}}$$
D.$${{2}{0}{2}{0}}$$
6、['数列的函数特征', '裂项相消法求和', '等差、等比数列的综合应用', '分组求和法']正确率40.0%在单调递增数列$${{\{}{{a}_{n}}{\}}}$$中,已知$$a_{1}=1, \, \, a_{2}=2$$,且$$a_{2 n-1}, ~ a_{2 n}, ~ a_{2 n+1}$$成等比数列$$a_{2 n}, ~ a_{2 n+1}, ~ a_{2 n+2}$$成等差数列,$${{n}{∈}{{N}^{∗}}}$$.设$$b_{n}=\textsubscript{(}-1 \textsubscript{)}^{n} a_{2 n-1}+\frac{1} {a_{2 n}}$$,则数列$${{\{}{{b}_{n}}{\}}}$$的前$${{9}}$$项和为()
D
A.$${{5}{5}{.}{9}}$$
B.$${{4}{5}{.}{9}}$$
C.$${{−}{{4}{4}{.}{9}}}$$
D.$${{−}{{4}{4}{.}{1}}}$$
7、['等比数列前n项和的应用', '分组求和法', '等差数列的前n项和的应用']正确率60.0%数列$$2 \l~ 2 \frac{1} {2}, ~ 3 \frac{1} {4}, ~ 4 \frac{1} {8}, ~ \ldots, ~ n+\frac{1} {2^{n-1}}, ~ \ldots$$的前$${{n}}$$项之和为
C
A.$$\frac{n ( n+1 )} {2}+2-\frac{1} {2^{n}}$$
B.$$\frac{n ( n+1 )} {2}+1-\frac{1} {2^{n}}$$
C.$$\frac{n^{2}+n+4} {2}-\frac{1} {2^{n-1}}$$
D.$$\frac{n^{2}-n+4} {2}-\frac{1} {2^{n-1}}$$
8、['等差数列的通项公式', '等比数列的通项公式', '等比数列前n项和的应用', '等差、等比数列的综合应用', '分组求和法', '等差数列的前n项和的应用']正确率40.0%已知数列$$\{a_{n} \}, ~ \{b_{n} \}$$满足$$a_{1}=b_{1}=1,$$$$a_{n+1}-a_{n}=\frac{b_{n+1}} {b_{n}}=2, \ n \in\bf{N}_{+}$$,则数列$$\left\{b_{a_{n}}+\frac1 {3 0} \right\}$$的前$${{1}{0}}$$项的和为()
C
A.$$\frac{1} {3} \, ( 4^{1 0}-1 )$$
B.$$\frac{1} {3} ( 4^{9}-1 )$$
C.$$\frac{4^{1 0}} {3}$$
D.$$\frac{4^{9}} {3}$$
9、['数列的递推公式', '数列的函数特征', '归纳推理', '分组求和法']正确率40.0%已知数列$${{\{}{{a}_{n}}{\}}}$$满足$$a_{n+1}=a_{n}-a_{n-1} \, \, ( \, n \geqslant2 ) \, \,, \, \, a_{1}=m, \, \, a_{2}=n, \, \, S_{n}$$为数列$${{\{}{{a}_{n}}{\}}}$$的前$${{n}}$$项和,则$$S_{2 0 1 7}$$的值为()
C
A.$$2 0 1 7 n-m$$
B.$${{n}{−}{{2}{0}{1}{7}}{m}}$$
C.$${{m}}$$
D.$${{n}}$$
10、['等差数列的通项公式', '其他方法求数列通项', '等差数列的基本量', '分组求和法']正确率40.0%设数列$${{\{}{{a}_{n}}{\}}}$$的前$${{n}}$$项和为$$S_{n}, \, \, a_{1}=1, \, \, a_{n}=\frac{S_{n}} {n}+2 \, \, ( \, n-1 ) \, \, \,, \, \, \, \, \, ( \, n \in N^{*} \, )$$,若$$S_{1}+\frac{S_{2}} {2}+\frac{S_{3}} {3}+\ldots+\frac{S_{n}} {n}-( \mathit{n}-1 )^{\mathit{alpha}^{2}}=2 0 1 5$$,则$${{n}}$$的值为()
A
A.$${{1}{0}{0}{8}}$$
B.$${{1}{0}{0}{7}}$$
C.$${{2}{0}{1}{4}}$$
D.$${{2}{0}{1}{5}}$$
1. 分析提丢斯数列的构造过程:
原始数列:$$0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 96, 192, ...$$
从第3项起:$$a_n = 2a_{n-1}$$
加4后:$$b_n = a_n + 4$$
除以10:$$T_n = \frac{{b_n}}{{10}} = \frac{{a_n + 4}}{{10}}$$
通项公式:$$T_n = \frac{{3 \times 2^{n-2} + 4}}{{10}}$$(n≥3),$$T_1=0.4$$,$$T_2=0.7$$
A错误:不是等比数列
B正确:$$T_{99} = \frac{{3 \times 2^{97} + 4}}{{10}}$$
C错误:前31项和应为$$\frac{{3(2^{30}-1)}}{{10}} + 11 \times 0.4$$
D正确:计算得$$T_1$$到$$T_8$$均≤20,共8项
答案:B
2. 已知$$a_n = 2^n - 1$$,$$c_{ij} = a_i a_j + a_i + a_j$$
化简:$$c_{ij} = (2^i - 1)(2^j - 1) + (2^i - 1) + (2^j - 1) = 2^{i+j} - 1$$
总和:$$\sum_{i=1}^{5}\sum_{j=1}^{6} c_{ij} = \sum_{i=1}^{5}\sum_{j=1}^{6} (2^{i+j} - 1)$$
$$= \sum_{i=1}^{5}\sum_{j=1}^{6} 2^{i+j} - 30$$
$$= \sum_{i=1}^{5} 2^i \sum_{j=1}^{6} 2^j - 30 = (2^6-2)(2^7-2) - 30$$
$$= 62 \times 126 - 30 = 7812 - 30 = 7782$$
验证选项:$$2^{13} - 410 = 8192 - 410 = 7782$$
答案:A
3. 数列定义不完整,但根据选项推断:
可能$$a_n = n^2$$(n为奇数),$$a_n = -n^2$$(n为偶数)
$$b_n = a_n + a_{n+1} = n^2 - (n+1)^2 = -2n - 1$$(n为奇数)
$$b_n = -n^2 + (n+1)^2 = 2n + 1$$(n为偶数)
前200项中奇偶各100项:
$$S = \sum_{k=1}^{100} [-(2k-1)-1] + \sum_{k=1}^{100} [2k+1] = \sum_{k=1}^{100} (-4k) = -4 \times \frac{{100 \times 101}}{{2}} = -20200$$
但选项最大为±400,可能题目有误
答案:A(根据选项推断)
4. 数列:$$2\frac{{1}}{{2}}, 4\frac{{1}}{{4}}, 6\frac{{1}}{{8}}, 8\frac{{1}}{{16}}, ...$$
通项:$$a_n = 2n + \frac{{1}}{{2^n}}$$
前n项和:$$S_n = \sum_{k=1}^{n} 2k + \sum_{k=1}^{n} \frac{{1}}{{2^k}} = n(n+1) + (1 - \frac{{1}}{{2^n}})$$
$$= n^2 + n + 1 - \frac{{1}}{{2^n}}$$
答案:A
5. 等差数列:$$a_3 + a_5 = a_4 + 7$$,$$a_{10} = 19$$
设首项$$a_1$$,公差d:$$(a_1+2d)+(a_1+4d) = (a_1+3d)+7$$ ⇒ $$2a_1+6d = a_1+3d+7$$ ⇒ $$a_1+3d=7$$
$$a_{10} = a_1+9d = 19$$
解得:$$d=2$$,$$a_1=1$$
$$a_n \cos n\pi = (-1)^n a_n$$
前2020项和:$$\sum_{k=1}^{2020} (-1)^k (1+2(k-1)) = \sum_{k=1}^{2020} (-1)^k (2k-1)$$
分组:奇偶各1010项,$$S = 1010 \times (-1) = -1010$$?
但选项均为正数,可能理解有误
重新计算:$$\sum_{k=1}^{2020} (-1)^k (2k-1) = -\sum_{j=1}^{1010} [2(2j-1)-1] + \sum_{j=1}^{1010} [2(2j)-1]$$
$$= -\sum_{j=1}^{1010} (4j-3) + \sum_{j=1}^{1010} (4j-1) = \sum_{j=1}^{1010} 2 = 2020$$
答案:D
6. 数列单调增:$$a_1=1$$,$$a_2=2$$
$$a_{2n-1}, a_{2n}, a_{2n+1}$$成等比:$$a_{2n}^2 = a_{2n-1} a_{2n+1}$$
$$a_{2n}, a_{2n+1}, a_{2n+2}$$成等差:$$2a_{2n+1} = a_{2n} + a_{2n+2}$$
计算前几项:$$a_3=4$$,$$a_4=5$$,$$a_5=8$$,$$a_6=9$$,$$a_7=16$$,$$a_8=17$$,$$a_9=32$$,$$a_{10}=33$$
$$b_n = (-1)^n a_{2n-1} + \frac{{1}}{{a_{2n}}}$$
前9项和:$$\sum_{n=1}^{9} [(-1)^n a_{2n-1} + \frac{{1}}{{a_{2n}}}]$$
$$= (-1+4-8+16-32+64-128+256-512) + (\frac{{1}}{{2}}+\frac{{1}}{{5}}+\frac{{1}}{{9}}+\frac{{1}}{{17}}+\frac{{1}}{{33}}+\frac{{1}}{{65}}+\frac{{1}}{{129}}+\frac{{1}}{{257}}+\frac{{1}}{{513}})$$
≈ -341 + 0.5+0.2+0.111+0.059+0.030+0.015+0.008+0.004+0.002 ≈ -341 + 0.929 = -340.071
与选项不符,可能n=9指b_n的项数
答案:C(-44.9接近)
7. 数列:$$2, 2\frac{{1}}{{2}}, 3\frac{{1}}{{4}}, 4\frac{{1}}{{8}}, ..., n + \frac{{1}}{{2^{n-1}}}$$
前n项和:$$S_n = \sum_{k=1}^{n} k + \sum_{k=1}^{n} \frac{{1}}{{2^{k-1}}} = \frac{{n(n+1)}}{{2}} + \frac{{1-(\frac{{1}}{{2}})^n}}{{1-\frac{{1}}{{2}}}}$$
$$= \frac{{n(n+1)}}{{2}} + 2(1 - \frac{{1}}{{2^n}}) = \frac{{n(n+1)}}{{2}} + 2 - \frac{{1}}{{2^{n-1}}}$$
答案:C
8. $$a_{n+1} - a_n = 2$$,$$a_1=1$$ ⇒ $$a_n = 2n-1$$
$$\frac{{b_{n+1}}}{{b_n}} = 2$$,$$b_1=1$$ ⇒ $$b_n = 2^{n-1}$$
$$b_{a_n} = b_{2n-1} = 2^{2n-2} = 4^{n-1}$$
前10项和:$$\sum_{k=1}^{10} (4^{k-1} + \frac{{1}}{{30}}) = \frac{{4^{10}-1}}{{4-1}} + \frac{{10}}{{30}} = \frac{{4^{10}-1}}{{3}} + \frac{{1}}{{3}} = \frac{{4^{10}}}{{3}}$$
答案:C
9. $$a_{n+1} = a_n - a_{n-1}$$,$$a_1=m$$,$$a_2=n$$
计算:$$a_3 = n-m$$,$$a_4 = -m$$,$$a_5 = -n$$,$$a_6 = m-n$$,$$a_7 = m$$,$$a_8 = n$$
周期为6:$$a_{6k+1}=m$$,$$a_{6k+2}=n$$,$$a_{6k+3}=n-m$$,$$a_{6k+4}=-m$$,$$a_{6k+5}=-n$$,$$a_{6k+6}=m-n$$
$$2017 = 6 \times 336 + 1$$ ⇒ $$a_{2017} = m$$
周期和:$$m + n + (n-m) + (-m) + (-n) + (m-n) = 0$$
$$S_{2017} = 336 \times 0 + m = m$$
答案:C
10. $$a_n = \frac{{S_n}}{{n}} + 2(n-1)$$
$$S_n - S_{n-1} = \frac{{S_n}}{{n}} + 2(n-1)$$
$$\frac{{n-1}}{{n}} S_n = S_{n-1} + 2(n-1)$$
$$\frac{{S_n}}{{n}} = \frac{{S_{n-1}}}{{n-1}} + 2$$
令$$c_n = \frac{{S_n}}{{n}}$$,则$$c_n = c_{n-1} + 2$$,$$c_1=1$$
∴ $$c_n = 2n-1$$,$$S_n = n(2n-1)$$
$$\sum_{k=1}^{n} \frac{{S_k}}{{k}} - (n-1)\alpha^2 = \sum_{k=1}^{n} (2k-1) - (n-1)\alpha^2 = n^2 - (n-1)\alpha^2 = 2015$$
观察得$$n^2$$接近2015,$$45^2=2025$$,$$44^2=1936$$
若$$\alpha=2$$,则$$n^2 - 4(n-1) = 2015$$ ⇒ $$n^2 -4n +4 = 2019$$ ⇒ $$(n-2)^2=2019$$(非平方数)
可能$$\alpha$$为特定值,或题目有误
答案:D(2015)
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